It has an angular range of 0 to 80 degrees for both illumination and viewing. ROSI can measure reflection from both specular (mirror-like) and diffuse (rough surfaces that spread out reflected light) samples. Its capabilities are described in detail in the October 2021 issue of Applied Optics. One important example is the newly upgraded, state-of-the-art Robotic Optical Scattering Instrument (ROSI) in NIST’s Physical Measurement Laboratory. For years, NIST has been a world leader in measuring those effects through the science of reflectometry, pursuing continuous improvements in the instruments and techniques needed to meet evolving industrial and scientific demands. The properties of reflected light can change substantially depending on the angle of the incident light that strikes a sample and the angle at which it is detected after reflection, as well as the spectrum of the light source and the nature of the reflecting surface.
defense labs, and coordination with national metrology institutes worldwide – are major goals of the program. Dissemination of those scales – along with improvement in metrology traceable to the SI, support of U.S. NIST maintains the national scales in the near ultraviolet (UV, wavelengths above about 250 nanometers(nm)), visible (400 to 700 nm), and the near- and short-wave infrared (IR, up to about 2400 nm) spectral regions.
So exact color is of obvious and urgent interest to makers of consumer goods.īut accurate measurement of reflected and transmitted light, including wavelengths not visible to us, is also essential to a broad range of critical processes in manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, medical imaging, printed materials, optics and photonics, and satellite observation of weather, crop health, and ocean conditions, among very many others. In the most familiar sense, the properties of the reflected or transmitted light profoundly influence our perception of, and hence preferences in, clothing, automobile finish, paint and coatings of all kinds, food, and much more. It is nearly impossible to overstate the importance of uniform accuracy of such measurements in both everyday life and scores of essential science applications. That ensures that different devices produce comparable data. Much as tuning forks provide a reference for piano notes, the scales allow operators of reflectance and transmittance instruments to calibrate their equipment by comparing their measurements against an authoritative source. The two instruments together are at the core of NIST’s ability to set and maintain the official U.S. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) recently completed major upgrades to two key instruments serving critical national needs: measuring the properties of light as it is reflected from a surface or transmitted through a material.
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